Several times a week, Carmel – who lives downtown – purposely drives out of her way to check out the long line of people eager to gain entry to Los Angeles’ most recent cultural sensation, The Broad modern art museum.
As a global centre for storytelling, LA is no stranger to the many long lines of residents and visitors, keen to pay ever-increasing sums to experience the stories created here. They come via films, TV, Disneyland and Universal Studios, as well as preeminent cultural venues such as the Walt Disney Concert Hall, the Hollywood Bowl and the Music Center.
The Broad is the newest pearl in a string of world-class architecture and arts organisations along Grand Avenue, where you’ll find the Disney Concert Hall, the Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Grand Park, Ahmanson Theatre, Mark Taper Forum, Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, LA Opera, LA Phil and more. But it turns the idea that you get what you pay for on its head. The Broad not only tells a stunning story of urban renewal, architecture and LA’s premier position in the contemporary art world, it is also free to the public.
Yet, people are not lining up along the block – all day, six days a week – because it’s free. They’re lining up because the collection amassed by Eli and Edythe Broad speaks to them. The museum is a true reflection of LA itself: cosmopolitan with a dose of grit, conveying casual sensibilities within beautiful surroundings and possessing undeniable star power. It demands to be seen and discussed. (And, for those who don’t want to queue, the museum website offers timed tickets.)
Contemporary focus
When the Broads began to seriously collect art in the 1970s, they focused on the classics, targeting such artists as Vincent van Gogh and Henri Matisse. They soon realised it’s nearly impossible for private individuals to build an extensive collection of great artworks from past eras, so they turned their attention to contemporary and emerging artists – many based in LA – with whom they could build relationships.
In the ensuing decades, they assembled one of the most important collections of contemporary art in the world. They also acquired many post-World War II pieces that represent foundational undercurrents to more recent art.
Their patronage of living artists was a natural fit with their desire to share their collection with the broadest public audience possible. The Broad collection is now up to 2,000 works by around 200 artists and growing at at rate of approximately one new acquisition per week. Since 1984, the Broad Art Foundation has loaned works to over 500 museums, non-commercial art galleries and exhibition spaces worldwide.
Cultural centre
After building two Fortune 500 companies in two different industries, Eli Broad retired in 1999 to focus on his philanthropic work. Similar to the Chandlers, the Dohenys, and other families who built Los Angeles, Broad set his sights on his adopted city. (Eli and Edythe originally hailed from Detroit).
The museum not only serves to store and exhibit the Broad collection, it also represents the most recent contribution toward the realisation of Eli Broad’s work to remake Grand Avenue as a vibrant centre for LA culture and architecture.
Designed by architecture firm Diller Scofidio + Renfro in collaboration with Gensler, the 120,000sq ft (11,150sqm), $140m (£97m, €123m) museum opened to the public in September 2015. It joins other cultural institutions on Grand Avenue – including the Arts Magnet High School, Disney Hall and MOCA – that have been greatly shaped by Broad’s often-controversial patronage.
Controversial or not, the Broad is a stellar gift to the people of LA. It sits next to Disney Hall on a ridge, serving as the grounded, absorptive counterpart to the undulating waves of its shinier companion. Designed around the concept of the veil and the vault, the museum invites visitors into a conversation with the collection, its creators and stewards – and one another.
Visitor experience
This conversation plays out in surprising and intriguing ways throughout the visitor experience. The building itself lifts its skirt, beckoning visitors to enter beneath the raised honeycombed veil to a dim, sparse entry gallery that serves as the point of departure and return.
Here, visitors can orient themselves with the aid of a welcoming Visitor Services Associate (VSA). Positioned throughout the building, the friendly and approachable VSAs represent a sharp deviation from the traditional security guards in other museums. They help visitors navigate their experience and are trained to talk about the collection and the artists, revealing little-known details and engaging people with the art in deeper and unexpected ways. (During a recent visit, one exceptionally musical VSA softly sang African American spirituals at the threshold to a third-floor gallery, providing an exquisitely moving soundtrack to Kara Walker’s devastating African’t.)
Veil and vault
The Broad’s interiors rightly exist to support and elevate the art, permitting the visitor to freely explore the 50,000sq ft (4,645sqm) of gallery space. Although the ground floor contains several galleries, our instincts immediately drew us from the womb-like lobby onto the escalator. We climbed 105 feet (32 metres) through the constricted tube toward the light above, disembarking on the expansive, columnless third floor.
The inaugural installation, following a roughly chronological timeline, begins here with works from the 1950s through the early 2000s from such heavy hitters as Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg, Cy Twombly, Roy Lichtenstein, Ed Ruscha, Andy Warhol, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Keith Haring, Barbara Kruger and Jeff Koons. The art is beautifully illuminated by the diffused light that filters through the 318 skylights above. The cell-like openings in the veil surrounding the outer gallery walls create artful backdrops to several of the collection pieces as well as glimpses of Disney Hall’s reflective curves next door.
To reach the lower galleries, visitors can descend via a clear tubular elevator or the twisting staircase, which takes them past tall windows that invite a peek inside the 21,000sq ft (1,950sqm) collection storage area (the vault) on the second floor for an intriguing preview of what might be on display during their next visit.
Transformations
The inaugural installation’s chronological progression continues on the first floor, with works from 2000 to the present. The flow on this floor does not work as well as in other areas of the museum; the elegant sequence of compression and expansion elsewhere is replaced by a succession of tighter gallery spaces that often result in impassable clumps of people trying to find good viewing spots for works such as Robert Longo’s powerful Untitled (Ferguson Police, August 13, 2014) or the intriguing, inside-out perspective of Tomas Struth’s Audience 4 (Galleria dell’Accademia), Florenz, 2004.
Fortunately, there’s ample breathing room in the Takashi Murakami room, grounded by the artist’s astonishing 82-foot-long (25-metre) reflection of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and resulting tsunami, In the Land of the Dead, Stepping on the Tail of a Rainbow.
The greatest artistic accomplishment in the entire museum is perhaps the transformation that comes over visitors as they accept the Broad’s invitation to the conversation. It’s great fun to see the change in people’s faces as they exit Yayoi Kusama’s Infinity Mirrored Room – The Souls of Millions of Light Years Away. Each person (who has reserved a separate timed ticket) is allowed only 45 seconds to take in the glittering world of reflected light, but their expressions as they depart indicate those 45 seconds of wonder will stay with them.
Another transformative installation is Ragnar Kjartansson’s The Visitors, a mesmerising nine-screen video piece. There is a voyeuristic pleasure in watching a naked man strum a guitar in the bathtub and it’s easy to spend an hour trying to take in each scene of individual musicians playing and singing in different tumble-down rooms of Rokeby mansion in upstate New York.
Engagement
The success of the conversation can be seen in how people are engaging with the collection. Although visitors can select a tour from a menu available through the free mobile app, very few people were doing so during a recent visit.
Instead, many were using their phones for selfies (anything by Koons and Robert Therrien’s Under the Table were especially popular). Several were clustered in conversational pockets, talking about the nature of design, the nature of art, the creative process, collaboration and more. While some visitors contemplated the pieces in silence, others approached the VSAs, who are trained to ask questions, supply context and, in a non-judgemental way, help people process their frequently powerful reactions to works with strong social and political themes.
This sense of new, non-stodgy museum behaviour makes sense when you examine the profile of visitors to the Broad. In surveys conducted between 1 December 2015 and 28 February 2016, of visiting adults, 71 per cent were 18-34 years old. Only 36 per cent identified as “White/Euro-American,” with the vast majority aligning with ethnicities including Asian, Latino/Hispanic, Black/African-American, Native American, and various extractions and combinations of those. The most frequent levels of annual household income were “Less than $20,000” (17 per cent) and “$100,000-199,999” (18 per cent) and the audience was largely local: 61 per cent from LA County and 21 per cent from California.
Value in experience
This demographic, particularly the millennial generation, is cited with leading the way toward an increased appreciation of experiences over the acquisition of things. The Broad’s deconstructed store, featuring a select collection of curated books and decorative items may play to that, with a very small retail footprint compared to other cultural institutions. Our guess is that most visitors extend their experience not through museum swag, but through their photos, memories and continuing conversations.
As transplants to LA themselves, the Broads have given this city comprised largely of other transplants a significant gift that feels as if it could only exist here. They’ve also appointed a director who has her finger on the pulse of LA’s population. Joanne Heyler, who has run the Broad Art Foundation for over 20 years, is credited with pushing the Broads towards more diversity in their collection. Her masterful choices in the Broad’s exhibitions and programmes demonstrate how attuned she is to what it takes to build a true people’s museum in the City of Angels.
